Team & events

Shift Staffing Calculator

How do I staff Friday without over-scheduling or getting buried?

Staff to the covers you expect and the section size you can actually serve, then check the labour cost that schedule implies before you post it.

Your figures stay here. The calculator runs on this device; the share link stores its numbers after the # in the URL.
Worked answer8See it ↓
01

Your numbers

A worked example is already loaded. Replace any field with the figures from the source named beside it.

Covers forecastPOS history
240

Guests you expect for the shift. Last year's same day, adjusted, is usually the best starting point.

Covers one server can handleYour own service standard
32

Across the whole shift, not at one moment. Depends on your menu, section size, and service style.

Shift lengthYour schedule
7 hrs

Scheduled hours per person including setup and sidework.

Support staff per serverYour own service model
0.4

Bussers, runners, and barbacks per server. 0.4 means two support staff for every five servers.

Server hourly ratePayroll
$12.00

Cash wage you pay servers, before tips.

Support hourly ratePayroll
$17.00

Hourly rate for support staff.

Average check (optional)POS period report
$38.00

Optional. Shows what this schedule implies for labour cost percentage.

02

The answer

Servers needed

8

240 covers at 32 per server

  • Support staff4
  • Total labour hours84 hrs
  • Scheduled labour cost$1,148.00
  • Covers per server at this schedule30
  • Exact requirement before roundingRounded up to whole people. A fraction just below a whole number is where a shorter shift or a mid-shift start helps.7.5
  • Forecast sales$9,120
  • Implied labour costFront of house only, before payroll burden and before kitchen labour.12.6%
  • Sales per labour hour$108.57
This staffs the shift as a whole. It does not solve a 7pm rush inside a slow night. That needs staggered starts, not more bodies for the full shift.

Labour cost, % of sales

Operator survey
  • Full-service restaurant (median, all respondents)36.5%
  • Full-service, profitable operators (median)34.2%
  • Full-service, operators reporting a loss (median)42.9%
  • Limited-service restaurant (median, all respondents)31.7%
  • Limited-service, profitable operators (median)30%

Reported by operators to an industry association and published as a median.

This figure includes salaries, wages, and benefits. The gap between profitable and unprofitable operators — 34.2% against 42.9% — is the most useful line here.

Source: National Restaurant Association, 2025 Restaurant Operations Data Abstract (2024 data, 900+ operators) — overall labor-cost medians (2025)

Source: National Restaurant Association, 2025 Restaurant Operations Data Abstract (2024 data, 900+ operators) — profitable and loss-making operator segments (2025)

03 Show the arithmetic
Servers = forecast covers ÷ covers per server, rounded up
Support staff = servers × support ratio, rounded up
Labour cost = (servers × shift hours × server rate) + (support × shift hours × support rate)
Implied labour % = labour cost ÷ (forecast covers × average check) × 100
04 What the answer leaves out
  • Front of house only. Kitchen labour, payroll burden, and salaried management are not included, so the real labour percentage is higher.
  • Servers in tip-credit states are often paid a lower cash wage. Use the cash wage you actually pay, and remember the tip credit does not reduce your payroll tax base.
Continue if it helps

The number is the start of the decision.